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Review on Autism Spectrum Disorder

Jyotsna Jangra

Autism spectrum disorder is a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorder usually characterized by difficulty in social behaviour and nonverbal interactions in the first three years of life. It’s not a single disorder; rather it includes different developmental disorder like autistic disorder, Rett syndrome, Asperger Syndrome. Many factors are responsible for this disorder which includes genetic, environmental and perinatal factors. There is no cure for ASD, it’s a lifelong disorder but some prevention may decrease the risk of getting this disorder. Studies have shown that autism is one of the developmental disorders which are growing very fast in the U.S. and mostly boys are at higher risk than girls. Some controversies were also there that there is some relation between vaccines and autism but there is no scientific proof. Still there is a lot of research required to broaden the horizons on the understanding of ASD.