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Transfer RNA-Derived Small RNAs (tsRNAs): A New Insight into Liver Cancer

Zixuan Zhang1, Gaoli Liang1, Shengkai Zhou1, Tianhang Li2,3*

Current research has highlighted links between tsRNAs and numerous organisms as well as various diseases. However, the exploration of tsRNAs in liver cancer remains in its nascent stage, leaving much about their pivotal role in this field unknown. Considering the existing reports on tsRNAs potential biological functions in liver cancer, they manifest immense research potential in addressing the challenges faced in liver cancer diagnosis and treatment. This study initially describes the biological background, biogenesis, and biological functions of tsRNAs. Then, it discusses the relationship between liver cancer and tsRNAs in three perspectives: (1) tsRNAs involve in pre-tumor microenvironmental (pTME) construction; (2) tsRNAs play their role in cancer progression; (3) the relationship between tsRNAs and liver cancer related microRNA by analogy, thus examining the interplay between liver cancer and tsRNAs. Finally, by comprehensively summarize existing researches, we discuss the potential future of tsRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in liver cancer.