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Prevalence And Associated Risk Factors Of Bovine Trypanosomiasis In And Around Itang District Of Gambella Region, Western Ethiopia

Jirata Shiferaw Abosse*, Zehara Mohamed Ayele, Abdi Feyisa Fufa

A protozoan disease of animals causing considerable impact on cattle production and trypanosomiasis is the most known by causing decrease in productivity in the tropical and subtropical countries of Africa. A prevalence of bovine trypanosomiasis was conducted from January 2019 to May 2019 using cross-sectional study design. Random blood sample (n=203) collection from ear-vein of cattle was done. Direct microscopic examination, buffy coat and thin smears were done following sample collection. The total prevalence of bovine trypanosomiasis in Itang district was 17.7% (36/203). Among each village, the prevalence was recorded 39.2% (20/51), 16% (8/49), 14% (7/50) and 1.9% (1/53) in Pilual, Biljakoak, Makod and Lare by decreasing order respectively. T. congolense and T. Brucei were the ultimate and lowest documented trypanosome species with 44.4% and 16.7% prevalence respectively. The prevalence of bovine trypanosomiasis infection between the male and female was statistically non-significant (p>0.05), but there was a significant difference (p<0.05) in the prevalence of trypanosomiasis amongst different age groups of bovine with 3.8% (4/105) and 32.6% (32/98) in adult and old respectively. This study also indicated that animal with poor body conditions were significantly (p<0.05) affected with trypanosomsis. Bovine trypanosomiasis is the main constraints that reduce milk production, decreasing body condition and, even death of cattle. Hence there should be an integrated tsetse and trypanosomiasis control action to diminish the direct and possible loss of livestock in study areas.