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Longevity of Macrophomina phaseolina in Stored Sesame Seeds and Impact on Biochemical Attributes of Diseased Seeds

Ravina R Mevada*, Ramjibhai G Parmar, Darshan M Parmar

Introduction: Sesame, a versatile oilseed crop, holds a significant place in agriculture due to its nutritional value and economic importance. Its seeds are prized for their rich oil content and wide application in culinary and industrial sectors. Macrophomina phaseolina is a notorious seed-borne pathogen affecting sesame.

Objective: To find 1) Longevity of Macrophomina phaseolina in stored sesame seeds; 2) Biochemical changes in M. phaseolina infected sesame seeds

Methods: The research investigated the one-year longevity of M. phaseolina in sesame seeds and revealed that infected seeds exhibited reduced germination and increased pathogen infection rates over time across diverse storage conditions.

Results: Storage at room temperature resulted in diminished germination (14-49%) and heightened infection (49-77%), whereas deep freeze storage displayed moderate germination (43-67%) and reduced infection (33-49%). The microsclerotia demonstrated viability for 12 months under both the conditions. Comparative biochemical analysis of infected and healthy seeds showcased lower moisture, overall oil content, and free fatty acids, along with elevated phenol content as a response to pathogen presence.

Conclusion: Seed borne nature M. phaseolina survived in sesame seeds up to 12 months and destroyed seed quality by decreasing seed moisture, oil and free fatty acid contents.